THE SURVIVAL AND SUSTAINABILITY OF THE BLACKFOOT NATION AND CULTURE: LECTURES AT YUNNAN UNIVERSITY
Recent Papers in China: The Survival and Sustainability of the Blackfoot Nation and Culture; Presented at the 16th Congress of the IUAES, Kunming,
By James Craven/Blackfoot Name: Omahkohkiaayo i’poyi
Professor of Economics and Geography, Clark College, Vancouver Washington
Presented at the 16th Congress of the IUAES, Kunming, China July 26-31
The Past [is] Alive in the Present [and] Shaping the Future
“Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past.” (George Orwell).
When we speak of the survival and sustainability of Blackfoot “Culture”, we are speaking of more than the survival and sustainability of the Blackfoot Nation and people who are the primary creators, definers, carriers, learners, transmitters and expanded reproducers of that nation and culture. We are also speaking about the survival and sustainability of the potential energy and influences—even on other cultures—embodied in and transmitted by that culture. And since all culture is dynamic and never static, we are also speaking of the survival and sustainability of all that it takes for Blackfoot culture to grow, adapt to new challenges and new conditions, and, to continually challenge itself and its own traditions and sacred practices and assumptions, some of which are functional and worth keeping, and some dysfunctional and not worth keeping. That means that the survival and sustainability of what is left of the Blackfoot nation and culture, as with other Indigenous nations, nationalities and cultures also on the brink of total extinction, means dealing not only with conditions, practices, forces and interests nominally “endogenous” or internal to the Blackfoot nation and culture that may threaten it, but also it means dealing with those forces and interests, historical and present-day, that are nominally “exogenous” or external to the Blackfoot nation and culture, that have threatened, and still threaten to this day, its survival and sustainability.[1]



